Example of Report Text Types : Borobudur Temple

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur Temple is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist monument near Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. The monument comprises six square platforms topped by three circular platforms, and is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. A main dome, located at the center of the top platform, is surrounded by 72 Buddha statues seated inside perforated stupa.'

The monument is both a shrine to the Lord Buddha and a place for Buddhist pilgrimage. The journey for pilgrims begins at the base of the monument and follows a path circumambulating the monument while ascending to the top through the three levels of Buddhist cosmology, namely Kāmadhātu (the world of desire), Rupadhatu (the world of forms) and Arupadhatu (the world of formlessness). During the journey the monument guides the pilgrims through a system of stairways and corridors with 1,460 narrative relief panels on the wall and the balustrades.

Evidence suggests Borobudur was abandoned following the 14th-century decline of Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms in Java, and the Javanese conversion to Islam. Worldwide knowledge of its existence was sparked in 1814 by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, then the British ruler of Java, who was advised of its location by native Indonesians.

Borobudur has since been preserved through several restorations. The largest restoration project was undertaken between 1975 and 1982 by the Indonesian government and UNESCO, following which the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Borobudur is still used for pilgrimage; once a year Buddhists in Indonesia celebrate Vesak at the monument, and Borobudur is Indonesia's single most visited tourist attraction.

Source: borobudurpark.co.id

Example and Generic Structure of Discussion: The Advantages and the Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy

The Advantages and the Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy

Issue:

Nuclear energy is commonly offered as an alternative to overcome the crisis of energy. The debate of whether the use of nuclear energy is an appropriate choice has not come to an end. Some people agree with the utilization of it because of its benefits. Some others, however, disagree because of its risks to the environment.

Argument ‘pro’:

Those who agree with the operation of nuclear reactors usually argue that nuclear energy is the only feasible choice to answer the ever-increasing energy needs. In their opinion, the other sources of energy: oil, coal, and liquid natural gas are not renewable and safe, while nuclear energy can be sustainable when produced in a safe way.

Argument "contra":

However, people who disagree with the use of nuclear energy point out that the waste of nuclear products can completely destroy the environment and human lives. A meltdown in a reactor, for example, usually results in the contamination of the surrounding soil and water. Take for example, the blow up of the nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station in Russia twenty years ago. The serious contamination imperiled people and the environment severely.

Conclusion:

It is obvious that nuclear energy should be avoided because it really endangers the environment but what about a less polluted energy instead of nuclear energy? Is there any alternative energy to overcome the crisis of energy?

Example and generic structure of descriptive: Natural Bridge National Park

Generic Structures f descriptive are:

1. Identification
2. Description

Natural Bridge National Park

Identification

Natural Bridge National Park is a luscious tropical rainforest.

Description

It is located 110 kilometers south of Brisbane and is reached by following the Pacific Highway to Nerang and then by traveling through the Numinbah Valley. This scenic roadway lies in the shadow of the Lamington National Park. The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch’ and the cave through which a waterfall cascades is a short 1 kilometer walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the main picnic area. Swimming is permitted in the rock pools. Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature of the glow worms. Picnic areas offer toilets, barbecues, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight camping is not permitted.

Example and Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition

Australia - Indonesia Youth Exchange Program

Thesis:

The Australian-Indonesian Youth Exchange Program (AIYEP) which began in 1981 is beneficial for both young people of Indonesia and Australia, and two countries themselves. This is also for a number of reasons.

Argument 1:

First the participants can get an opportunity for first-hand experience of living in and being an active pasrt of another culture. Their experience is from a rural stay in which the groups live in a village, and an urban stay where they live in town/city. In the two placed they stay with host families.

Argument 2:

Besides they can develop their personality in teamwork and negotiating skills, leadership, confidence, adaptability, etc. This is so because they are given a chance to undertake a community-based work and social activities in the urban stay.

Argument 3:

Moreover they can have practical experience and the development of skill related to their academic studies or personal career paths. The experience can be obtained through undertaking work experience related to their chosen fields of study or expertise, wherever possible.

Argument 4:

Not only for the participants, but the countries also get benefit from the program. It can contribute to a more stable and enduring relationship between Indonesia and Australia, increases people to people contacts and institutional  links, and can develop a greater understanding of present Australia-Indonesia relationship and possibilities for future cooperate and involvement.

Reiteration:

Thus AIYEP has proven to be a fruitful program.

Source:
Buku Inggris SMA XI by Drs. Sukarni